CONTENTS OF

NBSC: BIOCHEMISTRY DIGEST : eBook

 

 

Introduction to biochemistry

 

Molecular and functional organization of cell & subcellular organells.

 

Chemistry of carbohydrates

General nature, Classification & Biological importance

Chemistry, properties & functions of monosaccharides

Chemistry, properties & functions of disaccharides & polysaccharides

Chemistry & functions of mucopolysaccharides

 

Chemistry of Proteins

General nature, Classifications & Biological importance

General nature of amino acids, classification, essential amino acids, functions

Properties of protein molecules, structural organization

plasma proteins, methods of separation, functions & clinical importance

 

Chemistry of Lipids

General nature, Classification, properties  & Biological importance

chemistry, properties & biological importance of simple lipids, triglycerides & waxes

chemistry, properties & biological importance of fatty acids

chemistry, properties & biological importance of compound lipids, phospho & glyco

chemistry, properties & biological importance of derived lipids, steroids & sterols

lipoproteins

prostaglandins

 

chemistry of nucleic acids

purine & pyrimidine bases

nucleosides, nucleotides & biological importance of free neucelotides

structure & function of DNA

Structure & function of RNA

 

Enzymes

General nature, classification

Enzyme specificity, Mode of action

Factors affecting enzyme action

Enzyme inhibition

Clinical enzymology, isoenzymes

 

Chemistry of Hemoglobin

structure & function of hemoglobin, normal & abnormal hemoglobins, hb derivaties

 

Vitamins

General nature, classification & functions - coenzymes

Fat soluble vitamins

Vitamin A

Vitamin D

Vitamin E & K

Water soluble vitamins

Thiamine

Riboflavin

Nicotinaime

Folic acid

Pyridoxyl phosphate

Biotin

B12

Lipoic acid and others

 

Biological oxidation

General concept of oxidation - reduction, redox potential, oxidative & substrate level

phosphorylation

Electron transport chain

Role of uncouplers & inhibitors; chemical & chemiosmotic theory

 

Carbohydrate Metabolism

Digestion, absorption of carbohydrate

Glycolysis

TCA cycle

HMP pathway

Glycogenolysis & glycogenesis

Gluconeogenesis

uronic acid pathway

Metabolism of galactose & its inborn disease

Glycogen storage disease

Diabetes melitus & GTT

Regulation of blood glucose level by hormones

 

Lipids metabolism

Digestion, absorption & transportaion of fats

Fatty acid oxydation- beta oxidation & its energetics

Ketosis, ketogenesis and ketolysis

Biosynthesis of fatty acids

Biosynthesis of cholesterol

Choesterol catabolism, atheroscelrosis & coronary heart disease

Fatty liver, lipotropic factors & adipose tissue metabolism

 

Protein metabolism

Digestion & absorption of proteins

amino acid pool

fate of amino acid in body, common metabolic reaction of amino acids,

formation and fate of ammonia (urea cycle)

metabolism of carbon skeleton of amino acids, glucogenic & ketogenic

metabolism of aromatic amino acids

phenylalanine and its inborn errors

tyrosine and its inborn errors

tryptophan and its inborn erros

metabolism of sulphur containing amino acids

cystene & cystine, methionine, s-adenosyl methionine & its inborn diseases

 

Interrelationship between carbohydrate, lipids and protein metabolism

 

Starvation metabolism

 

Hemoglobin metabolism

biosynthesis of hemoglobin & its inborn errors, porphyria

degradation of hemoglobin,  formation and fate of bilirubin & types of jaundice

 

Metabolism of neucleotides

Purine synthesis, salvage pathway

Catabolism of purines, uric acid, gout, & its inborn errors

syntheis and break down of pyrimidines

 

Genetics

Genetic code

replication of DNA

Transcription of DNA

Translation of DNA & Protein biosynthesis, and inhibitors

 

Molecular mechanism of gene expression and regulation of gene

lac operon model and mutations

 

Genetic engeneering

 

chemeric molecules, recombinant DNA, restriction endonuclease

gene library & application of recombinant DNA technology

Water metabolism

 

Electrolyte balance

 

Mineral metabolism

macroelements

calcium

phsophorus

microelements

iron

copper

zinc

magnessium

manganese

iodine, fluride & selenium

 

Acid base balance

general concept of acid, base & buffers, & body buffers

role of buffer, respiratory mechanism to regulate acid base balance

role of kidney in maintaining acid base balance

metabolic acidosis and respiratory acidosis

metabolic alkalosis and respiratory alkalosis

 

Immunoglobulins

structure & function of IgG, IgA, IgM

 

Free redicals

formation and hazards of free redicals

enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants

 

Radioisotops

theraputic, diagnostic and experimental uses & radiation hazards

 

Biochemistry of cancer

carcinogens & its mechanism of action

 

Clinical Biochemistry

collection & preservation of samples. routine & specialized investigations

normal and reference valuse in health and disease & quality control

 

Kidney function tests

 

Liver function tests

 

environmental biochemistry

heat & cold exposure & biochemical changes in the body

chemical stress & pollution